Arginin metabolizmi
1. Argininning organizmdagi almashinuv yo‘li arginaza orqali karbamid, ornitin, prolin, poliamin, glutamik kislota va glutamat kabi moddalarni sintez qilishdan iborat. Bu moddalar inson laktatsiya, o'sish, rivojlanish va to'qimalarni qayta qurish jarayonlarida muhim ozuqaviy va fiziologik funktsiyalarni bajaradi. Arginin, shuningdek, arginin/glisin transaminaza yo'li orqali ornitin va kreatin asetat hosil qilishi mumkin va ikkinchisi organizmda kreatinning muhim manbai bo'lgan kreatinni hosil qilish uchun jigarda metillangan bo'lishi mumkin.
The immunomodulatory effect of arginine in the body is mainly through two metabolic pathways: the "arginase" pathway and the "NO" pathway.
2. Sutemizuvchilar arginazasi, shu jumladan arginaza I va arginaza II ham argininning ornitin va karbamidga aylanishini katalizlaydi.
Arginaza I gepatotsitlarda yuqori darajada, arginaza II esa mitoxondrial ferment bo'lib, asosan buyrak, miya, ko'krak va makrofaglarda ifodalanadi. Arginin arginaza tomonidan ornitinga aylanadi. Ornitin karbamid va poliaminning kashshofi bo'lib, karbamid aylanishida va poliamin hosil bo'lishida muhim rol o'ynaydi.
3. Azot oksidining kashshofi sifatida arginin inson organizmida azot oksidi sintezi (NOS) ta'sirida NO va sitrulinga aylanadi. NO qon tomirlarining tonusini saqlab turishi, immunitetni tartibga solish va oshqozon-ichak traktining shilliq qavatining shikastlanishida rol o'ynaydi.
Arginin turli xil endokrin bezlarga sekretor ta'sir ko'rsatadi, gipofiz o'sish gormoni va prolaktin sekretsiyasini rag'batlantirishi va oshqozon osti bezidan insulin, somatostatin, pankreatik polipeptid va boshqalarning sekretsiyasini rag'batlantirishi mumkin va shu bilan bilvosita immunitetni tartibga solish ta'sirini ko'rsatadi.
Arginin is not only a conditionally essential amino acid, but more importantly, it has immune-enhancing and opsonizing effects. Arginine plays an important role in protein anabolism, polyamine and nitric oxide synthesis, and these products are closely related to the body's immune function. Therefore, the application of arginine has received extensive attention in the study of immune nutrition.